E-ISSN 1858-8360 | ISSN 0256-4408
 

Original Article

Online Publishing Date: 12 / 08 / 2021

 


Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children

Megha Gahlawat, Malar Kodi, Rupinder Deol.


Abstract
Pain and anxiety are the most common and prevalent adverse stimuli experienced by hospitalized children. The most frightening
and distressing source of pain and anxiety accounted for is due to venipuncture. This study aimed to assess the effect of cold and thermomechanical stimulation on pain and anxiety during intravenous (IV) cannulation among children. We conducted a prospective parallel-group randomised control trial in children who required IV cannulation. In the intervention group, external cold and thermomechanical stimulation was applied before 60 seconds, above 5 cm over IV cannulation site through Buzzy device, while the control group received routine care. Children’s level of anxiety and pain was assessed using the Children’s Fear Scale (CFS) and Wong-Baker Faces pain Scale (WBFS). Mean scores of the selfreported procedural level of pain were less in the intervention group as compared to the control group (2.80 ± 1.86, 7.47 ± 2.40). Median of procedural pain level showed a significant difference between the intervention and control group at p < 0.001, inferring that the Buzzy device strongly resulted in a reduction of perception of pain during the cannulation procedure. However, no significant difference was observed in the median of the procedural level of anxiety between the two groups (p = 0.208), stating that cold and thermomechanical stimulation did not affect the level of anxiety of children. Nevertheless, the combination of cold and thermomechanical stimulation through the Buzzy device did not have a significant impact on the procedural level of anxiety among children. Still, it could optimally alleviate the level of pain.

Key words: Intravenous cannulation; pain; anxiety; children; cold; thermomechanical stimulation; Buzzy.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Gahlawat M, Kodi M, Deol R. Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children. Sudan J Paed. 2021; 21(2): 162-172. doi:10.24911/SJP.106-1590387019


Web Style

Gahlawat M, Kodi M, Deol R. Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children. https://sudanjp.com//?mno=109910 [Access: February 08, 2024]. doi:10.24911/SJP.106-1590387019


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Gahlawat M, Kodi M, Deol R. Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children. Sudan J Paed. 2021; 21(2): 162-172. doi:10.24911/SJP.106-1590387019



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Gahlawat M, Kodi M, Deol R. Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children. Sudan J Paed. (2021), [cited February 08, 2024]; 21(2): 162-172. doi:10.24911/SJP.106-1590387019



Harvard Style

Gahlawat, M., Kodi, . M. & Deol, . R. (2021) Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children. Sudan J Paed, 21 (2), 162-172. doi:10.24911/SJP.106-1590387019



Turabian Style

Gahlawat, Megha, Malar Kodi, and Rupinder Deol. 2021. Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children. Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics, 21 (2), 162-172. doi:10.24911/SJP.106-1590387019



Chicago Style

Gahlawat, Megha, Malar Kodi, and Rupinder Deol. "Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children." Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics 21 (2021), 162-172. doi:10.24911/SJP.106-1590387019



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Gahlawat, Megha, Malar Kodi, and Rupinder Deol. "Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children." Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics 21.2 (2021), 162-172. Print. doi:10.24911/SJP.106-1590387019



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Gahlawat, M., Kodi, . M. & Deol, . R. (2021) Effect of external cold and thermomechanical stimulation on anxiety and pain during intravenous cannulation among children. Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics, 21 (2), 162-172. doi:10.24911/SJP.106-1590387019





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